Inverted gas-burner.



J. LEDBRER INVBRTBD GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.5,19oa.

Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

V 33%,@ @litem/w13 ANDREW a cnAnAM co Pnorc-uwouunwsns wncwmwu4 n c J.LEDBRER.

INVERTBD GAS BURNER.

APYLIUATION FILED APB. s, 1909.

Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

2 SHEETS-'SHEET 2.

ANDREW u cmu/M o Pnmommcnnwsks. msnmcron. D C

JOSEPH LEDERER, OF NE'W YORK, N. Y.

INVERTED GAS-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 26, 1910.

Application filed April 5, 1909. Serial No. 487,841.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josemi Laemmli, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Inverted Gas-Burners, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to inverted gasburners of the Bunsen type and hasfor its object the production of such an inverted gas-burner providedwith a plurality of downwardly opening orifices .for the exit andignition of the gas and air mixture and formation, upon ignition, ofinverted flames adapted to render incandescent mantles for incandescentgas-light, so arranged that one or more mantles extend below othermantles with which the burner is provided, and the other features andadvantages hereinafter described and claimed.

Heretofore in the construction of inverted gas-burners of the Bunsentype for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light ditticulty has beenexperienced and, in constructing such burners to supply, in a singlelamp, a gas and air mixture to more than one downwardly opening orificeor inverted liame and to heat to incandescence two or more invertedmantles, separate downwardly extending ducts, one for each mantle andeach provided with holes or openings for the admission of air, havegenerally been employed. The construction of such or similar gas-burnersfor use with two or more inverted mantles is complicated, dillicult,expensive and unsatisfactory. F urthermore, in the constructionheretofore of such or similar gas-burners for use with two or moreinverted mantles, the mantles have been so arranged that each invertedmantle was substantially level with each of the other inverted mantleswith which the burner was provided, with the result that each mantleintercepted to a very considerable extent the light emitted by the othermantles and the full light giving power of the mantles was not secured.

It is the primary object of this invention so to arrange the severalinverted mantles of a burner that the said interception of light emittedby the several mantles will be obviated to a very considerable extentand the light-giving power of the mantles will be made available to afar greater extent than heretofore. Preferably I employ for this purposea burner such as that hereinafter described and illustrated in the dawings forming part of this specifi fation.

Figure l is an elevation, mostly in vertical section, of an invertedgas-burner embodying this invention. Fig. Q is an elevation, mostly invertical section, of the lower part of a modified form of an invertedgas-burner embodying this invention. Fig. 3 is a plan view from above ofa horizontal section along the line 3 3 of the downwardly extending ductA shown in Fig. 2, and of those parts of the burner which are suspendedfrom duct A. Fig. 4L is a plan view from below of the several arms,shown in Fig. 1, extending from the lower end of the downward duct A,the mantles having been removed from the lower ends thereof. Fig. 5 is avertical section showing a modification of the means for comn'iunicationshown in Figs. l and 2 between the lower end of ductl A and the upperend of the central arm extending downwardly therefrom.

In the drawings like letters denote like parts.

A is a downwardly extending duct or tube which may consist of one partbut which is, preferably, made of several parts, as shown in thedrawings.

B is a stop-cock for turning the gas on and oft'.

C is a duct for a pilot-light leading from duct A above the stop cock B.

DD are air-supply'ducts extending, preferably, horizontally and from apart .E with which the duct A is provided. The ducts DD, as shown,supply air to the downward duct A, preferably at a point above the pointor points at which the plurality of arms FF extend from the lower partof duct A. lith the exception of such a central arm F as that shown inFig. 2 and hereinafter described. the arms FF and F F are provided withdownwardly opening orifices GG for the exit and ignition of the gas andair mixture and formation, upon ignition, of inverted llames, and theorifices GG are, preferably, provided with mouth-pieces HH made ofsuitable, refractory material, such as porcelain or clay, havingprojecting points or ledges ll adapted to receive and carry rings KI( orother suitable means for attachment of the upper ends o't' the invertedmantles LL.

As shown in Fig. l the lower part or end of the downwardly extendingduct A may be provided with a plurality of arms FF,

one of which may, preferably, be located centrally with respect to theothers and may extend farther down than the others, so that the invertedmantle attached to the end thereof will be lower than the mantleattached to the end of any one of the other arms FF. As shown in Fig. 2,the lower part or end of the downwardly extending duct A may besimilarly provided with a plurality of arms FF extending therefrom, oneof which may be located centrally with respect to the others; but in themodification shown in Fig. 2, the lower part or end of the central arm Fmay, instead of being provided with an orifice G and mouth-piece H, besimilarly provided with a plurality of arms FF extending therefrom t'o apoint or points below the point or points to which the other arms FFextend downwardly, so that the mantles attached to the lower ends of thearms FF will be below the mantles attached to the lower ends of theother arms FF.

As shown in the drawings, the arms FF, excepting such as those centrallylocated, and the arms FFl extend, preferably, horizontally andvertically, being bent at an angle.

M is a hollow piece of suitable material such as sheet metal, preferablyin the shape of the frustum of a cone, forming a conveyer of theproducts of combustion, surrounding the duct A and supported by ducts DDwhich pass through it. The conveyer M extends upwardly from a linepreferably just above the uppermost of the inverted mantles LL. Theproducts of combustion resulting from the inverted flames rise and passoff through the conveyer or hollow piece M and some suitable exit, suchas N, with which the conveyer or an exten- Sion thereof is provided atthe upper part of the inverted gas-burner. Inasmuch as the conveyer Mdoes not extend down so as to surround the inverted mantles LL, it doesnot interferewith the supply of air to the mantles from the outside ofthe mantles.

As shown in Fig. l, the upper part ofthe burner may be provided with asuitable casing O adapted at its lower end to support a globe P, whichglobe may, as shown, be closed at the bottom. The casing O or globe P,with which it is provided, has holes Q, through which air is drawn andsupplied to the outside of the mantles, the products of combustionrising and passing off above through the conveyer.

R is a gas-supply regulator shown as consisting of an accessible head onthe outside of the burner and a rod passing, preferably, horizontallythrough perforations of the casing O, conveyer M and duct A. Theperforation of duct A may be provided with screw-threads and so may theinner end of the rod and by reason of the screw-threads,

when therod is turned, the inner end of the rod, which tapers to apoint, is made to advance into or to withdraw partially from the channelof duct A. The channel of duct A is provided with a gas-check S at theplace where the rod of the gas-supply regulator R enters. The gas-checkS may, as will be well understood, be of any suitable construction sothat, upon turning the gas-supply regulator R so as to cause the taperedend of its rod to advance into the channel of duct A, the supply of gasto the burner through duct A Vwill be regulated and diminished, and, onturning the gas-supply regulator R in the opposite direction, the supplyof gas to the burner through'the duct A will be regulated and increased.

Experience in the use of an inverted gasburner made in accordance withthis invention shows that means should be provided in order to obtain anequal and proper distribution of the gas and air mixture supplied by thedownwardly extending duct A to the several arms FF, especially to arms Fcentrally located. As shown in Fig. 1, a plug T with a narrow bore maybe inserted in the upper end of the channel of the centrally located armF so that only a sulficient supply of gas and air will pass into andthrough the channel of said arm and a sufficient supply of gas and airwill be dverted to the channels of the other arms. As shown in Fig. 2 asimilar plug T', provided with two or more narrow bores, may for a likepurpose, be inserted in the upper end of the channel of the centrallylocated arm F there shown. In Fig. 5 the upper end of a verticallyextending arm F is shownV with a hollow cap U, closed at the top andprovided with perforations in its sides, in serted in the channel ofsaid arm for a like purpose.

The operation of an inverted gas-burner made in accordance with thisinvention` is as follows ;-On turning the stop-cock B gas enters thedownwardly extending duct A and passes to the gas-check S where thesupply of gas is regulated as described.

Upon passing through the contractedpart Y V of the channel of duct A thegas mixes' with pure air drawn from the outside of the burner throughthe air-ductsV DD. The gas and Aair mixture then descends through duct Auntil it reaches the lower part thereof, where it is supplied to theplurality of arms FF, extending therefrom, and issues from thedownwardly opening orifices GG of the arms FF and FF, where it isignited and forms inverted flames, which heat to incandescence theinverted mantles LL. The products of combustion rise and escape throughthe conveyer M and pass oft' through an opening, such as N, in theburner above the air-ducts DD. Since the products of combustion passoi'' above the air-ducts DD' and since the air-ducts DD extend from thechannel of duct A to the outside of the casing O of the burner, thesupply of air through the ducts DD is a supply of pure air, notexhausted of its oxygen as are the products of combustion, and a propergas and air mixture is tlms obtained for the formation of efiicient,inverted Bunsen flames. For like reasons, as will be well understood,the supply of air to the outside of the mantles through openings such asQ, is a similarly pure supply of air.

In an inverted gas-burner constructed as above described the supply ofgas can be regulated conveniently, because the gas-supply regulator Rextends to the outside of the casing O and is located below the point atwhich the products of combustion escape from the burner, so that it isaccessible for vmanipulationand does not become highly heated. A propersupply of pure air to the burner is obtained through the air-ducts DDwhich supply air to the downwardly extending duct A and a plurality ofefficient inverted Bunsen `flames is obtained at the orifices of theplurality of arms extending from a lower part of the downwardlyextending duct A. By this simple arrangement of parts, there isobtained, in a single gas burner, a plurality of efficient, invertedBunsen flames adapted to heat to incandescence a plurality'of invertedmantles withn out the complicated construction, expense or disadvantagesheretofore experienced in the construction of burners to produce in asingle gas-lamp a number of inverted flames.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the gas and air mixture is distributed fromthe lower part or end of duet A to the arms FF extending therefrom,suitable means beingprovided to secure an equal or proper distributionof the mixture to the several arms FF, especially to such arms F as arecentrally located and extend vertically directly be low the lower end ofduct A. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 the gas and air mixturesupplied to the centrally located arm F, which extends farther down thanthe other arms F, issues from the orifice Gr thereof and forms, uponignition, an inverted flame suitable to render incandescent a mantle forincandescent gas-light; while in an arrangement such, for example, asthat shown in Fig. 2, the gas and air mixture supplied in properquantity to the centrally located arm F is distributed in properproportions to the channels of arms F .F, which extend therefrom andreach farther down than the other arms FF and issues from like orificesGG of the arms FF and, upon ignition, forms inverted flames suitable torender incandescent mantles for incandescent gas-light.

The light emitted by the mantles LL carried by the lower ends of thearms FFof Fig. 2 or by the mantle L carried by thc lower end of thecentrally located arm F of Fig. 1 will not be intercepted to anyconsiderable extent by the mantles or other parts of the burner above,nor will the light emitted by the mantles above be 'intercepted by themantles below to the same extent as it would be if all the mantles wereon substantially the same level, and by such arrangement of the mantlesin an inverted burner made in accordance with this invention, wherebyone or more mantles extend below other mantles with which the burner isprovided, the light-giving power of the mantles is made available toafar greater extent than heretofore.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the duct C for the pilot-light should,preferably, extend to one of the lower mantles in order to insure, whenthe gas is turned on by stop-cock B, the ignition of the gas and airmixture at such lower mantle, and thereby the certain ignition of thegas and air mixture supplied .to the other mantles.

What I claim is 1. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescentgas-light, the combination of a single dowlnvardly extending duct forgas and air and a plurality of arms for gas and air extending from alower part thereof provided with inverted mantles extending to differentplanes, substantially as described.

2. In a. gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a plu ality of arms for gas and air extending downwardlyto different planes from a single duct for gas, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a single downwardly extending duct for gas and air and aplurality of arms for gas and air extending from a lower part thereofprovided with inverted mantles one of which arms extends farther downthan any of the other arms, substantially as described.

4. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a single downwardly extending duct for gas and air and aplurality of arms for gas and air extending from a lower part thereofprovided with inverted mantles one of which arms is centrally locatedwith respect to the other arms and extends farther down than any of theother arms, substantially as described.

5. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a plurality of arms for gas and air extending downwardlyfrom a single duct for gas one of which arms extends farther down thanany other arm, substantially as described.

6. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a plurality of arms for gas and air extending downwardlyfrom a single duct for' gas, oneV of which arms is centrally locatedwith respect to the other arms, substantially as described.

7. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a plurality of arms for gas and air extending downwardlyfrom a single duct for gas one of which arms is centrally located withrespect to the other arms and extends farther down than any other arm,subst-antially as described.

8. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a single downwardly extending duct for gas and air, aplurality of arms for gas and air extending downwardly from a lower partthereof to different planes and means for `distributing the gas and airin suitable proportions to the dierent arms for gas and air,substantially as described.

9. In a gas-burner for use with mantles for incandescent gas-light, thecombination of a single downwardly'extending duct for gas and air, aplurality of arms for gas and air extending downwardly from a lower partthereof to different planes, a duct for a pilot-light extending to alower mantle, and means for distributingthe as and air in suitableproportions tothe di erent arms for gas and air, substantially asdescribed.

JOSEPH LEDERER.

lVitnesses ANNIE J. IRVINE, LoUis Coi-IN.

